Bitter (Andrographis paniculata), is a kind of herbaceous plant of family Acanthaceae, which originated from India and Sri Lanka. Sambiloto also be found in other areas, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and several places in the Americas. Andrographis genus has 28 species of herbs, but little is medically efficacious, one of which is Andrographis paniculata (bitter). Bitter leaves contain many compounds Andrographolide, which is a bicyclic diterpenoid lactone compound. Chemical compounds that taste bitter was first isolated by Gorter in tahun1911. Andrographolide has liver protecting properties (hepatoprotective), and proved able to protect the liver from the negative effects galaktosamin and paracetamol. Efficacy is closely related to the activity of certain metabolic enzymes. Sambiloto has long been known to have medical properties. Ayurveda is one of the ancient Indian system of medicine that includes bitter as a medical herb, which is called by the name Kalmegh bitter in Ayurveda. In addition to nutritious protects the liver, bitter can also suppress the growth of cancer cells. This is because the active compound, ie, Andrographolide, lower expression of the enzyme CDK4 (cyclin dependent kinase 4).
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